Sense data
Russel introduced the term sense data to make it easier to differ physical objects from our experiences of it. Sense data is about the data, or information, that we get from using our senses. The data is coming from the physical object itself, and not from the experience of it. Physical objects will appear differently to us depending on when we see it and from what perspective we see it. Russel gave an example with a table that will look differently depending from what angle you look at it. The structure and color of the table will appear different to every person looking at it. Sense data is individual, and therefore different from person to person.
Proposition Statement of fact
The term proposition is basically a statement that is based on someone’s beliefs, and can be either true or false. Proposition is a discription or statement about the reality. The statement of fact on the other hand, Russel argues, is a statement that has greater truth value. The truth value is based on how widespread and recognized the statement is. A proposition that gets acknowledged among a lot of people and reaches consensus becomes statements of facts.
Definite description
Russel makes a difference between two kinds of descriptions; the definite and the ambiguous. A definite description is a description on the “the so-and-so”-form. It is a specific something that is referred to. A description that is not definite is called ambiguous description and is on the “a so-and-so”-form. An ambiguous description is more general than the definite. For example when “a so-and-so exists” this could be one of many so-and-sos that exist. But when it is “the so-and-so exists” this is one specific object that is referred to.
Theory of Knowledge
Russell is questioning How can we know that something is true or false? Russell argues that knowledge cannot be seen as a true belief, because many times a true belief is based on a false proposition. Russell gives an example where a person is guessing the first letter of a given country’s Prime Minister’s last name. The person guesses B, which was correct since the Prime Minister’s name was Bannerman. But the thing was that the person though the last name of the president was Balfour. The answer is still right, but based on a false belief and therefore Russell argues that knowledge cannot be seen as a true belief.
Russel introduced the term sense data to make it easier to differ physical objects from our experiences of it. Sense data is about the data, or information, that we get from using our senses. The data is coming from the physical object itself, and not from the experience of it. Physical objects will appear differently to us depending on when we see it and from what perspective we see it. Russel gave an example with a table that will look differently depending from what angle you look at it. The structure and color of the table will appear different to every person looking at it. Sense data is individual, and therefore different from person to person.
Proposition Statement of fact
The term proposition is basically a statement that is based on someone’s beliefs, and can be either true or false. Proposition is a discription or statement about the reality. The statement of fact on the other hand, Russel argues, is a statement that has greater truth value. The truth value is based on how widespread and recognized the statement is. A proposition that gets acknowledged among a lot of people and reaches consensus becomes statements of facts.
Definite description
Russel makes a difference between two kinds of descriptions; the definite and the ambiguous. A definite description is a description on the “the so-and-so”-form. It is a specific something that is referred to. A description that is not definite is called ambiguous description and is on the “a so-and-so”-form. An ambiguous description is more general than the definite. For example when “a so-and-so exists” this could be one of many so-and-sos that exist. But when it is “the so-and-so exists” this is one specific object that is referred to.
Theory of Knowledge
Russell is questioning How can we know that something is true or false? Russell argues that knowledge cannot be seen as a true belief, because many times a true belief is based on a false proposition. Russell gives an example where a person is guessing the first letter of a given country’s Prime Minister’s last name. The person guesses B, which was correct since the Prime Minister’s name was Bannerman. But the thing was that the person though the last name of the president was Balfour. The answer is still right, but based on a false belief and therefore Russell argues that knowledge cannot be seen as a true belief.
Inga kommentarer:
Skicka en kommentar